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The Great Pyramid of Giza, also known as the Pyramid of Khufu or the Pyramid of Cheops, is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza pyramid complex bordering present-day El Giza, Egypt. It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one to remain largely intact.

The Great Pyramid was built as a tomb for the Fourth Dynasty Pharaoh Khufu and was constructed over a 20-year period, completed around 2560 BC. It was originally 146.6 meters (481 feet) tall, but due to erosion and the loss of the smooth outer casing, it currently stands at 138.8 meters (455 feet).

The pyramid was constructed using an estimated 2.3 million limestone blocks, each weighing an average of 2.5 tons. The precision with which the pyramid was built is astounding, with the base of the pyramid covering 5.3 hectares and the sides aligned to the cardinal points of the compass. The construction of the Great Pyramid is still a topic of debate among scholars, with some believing that the massive blocks were transported and positioned using ramps, while others propose more complex theories involving the use of internal ramps or even advanced technological methods.

The interior of the pyramid is just as impressive as the exterior, featuring a network of passageways, chambers, and shafts. The King's Chamber is the main burial chamber, located near the center of the pyramid and made entirely of granite. The chamber once contained a red granite sarcophagus, which is thought to have been intended for the pharaoh's mummy.

The Great Pyramid has captivated the imaginations of people for centuries, inspiring countless theories, legends, and quests for hidden chambers or treasures. Some of these theories propose that the pyramid was built by extraterrestrial beings or that it holds mystical powers or knowledge. However, most archaeologists and Egyptologists believe that the pyramid was constructed by skilled workers and craftsmen using the tools and techniques available at the time.

Today, the Great Pyramid of Giza remains a symbol of ancient Egypt and a testament to the ingenuity and capabilities of the civilization that built it. It continues to attract millions of visitors each year, serving as a reminder of the enduring allure and mystery of the ancient world.

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